Much of the problems stem from how PulseAudio works.
https://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/ub...ay/011343.html
PulseAudio sacrifices latency for power consumption. High latency, low power consumption. The power saving is also why your computer makes those clicking noises when running Ubuntu. That's PulseAudio shutting off your audio chip.
I'm not sure how beneficial low power consumption from your sound chip is to battery life anyways. It's your CPU, GPU, WiFi, Bluetooth, and LCD panel that take up all the power. Not really sound.
Note: My tests were done with the latest ALSA drivers IIRC.
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PulseAudio also only supports around 70% of the ALSA routines. libsyndey was supposed to come along and allow it to support the other 30%. libsydney stalled and has been virtually abandoned. ALSA is simply too complicated to be effectively used with a wrapper.
http://lwn.net/Articles/299211/
Note: The above link is also a bit old, but many of the issues it touches on still apply today.