Linux 4.1 Through Linux 4.5 Kernel Benchmarks On An Intel Xeon E3 v5
Xonotic doesn't show as significant of performance changes with the newer Linux kernel releases as did OpenArena and Tesseract, but nevertheless, the fastest frame-rates weren't found on the newest Linux 4.5 kernel code.
GpuTest's triangle benchmark that is a very basic synthetic test and largely comes down to video memory bandwidth shows a slowdown in performance since the Linux 4.4 kernel.
With many of our common computational benchmarks, there isn't much change (or any at all) in performance.